My doc recommended not wearing cleats when I (hopefully) play next summer. A torn or ruptured Achilles tendon is every athlete's - and sports fan's - greatest fear. He recovered and continued his career as a professional wrestler and2016s highest paid Hollywood star. They always seem to happen in a split second: One quick pivot or a hard hit and, just like that, you or your favorite player are sidelined for nearly a year. Achilles Rupture occurs when the Achilles tendon snaps. The review, Career Outlook and Performance of Professional Athletes After Achilles Tendon Rupture, appears in the April 2021 issue of Foot & Ankle International, the official journal of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS). My achilles is good, and I can do any activity I choose to, 5 hour hikes are no big deal, nor were 2-3 hour mountain bike tours. Probably not, why would I have? Go Jose! I dont think she held back or lost much because of the ATR. Achilles tendinosis is a degeneration of the Achilles tendon. . Achilles' Tendon is the name of a bone in the back of the human leg, and its name comes from the only part of Achilles' body that was a weak spot. One of the best Bulgarian competitors, world and European freestyle wrestling vice champion Anatoly Guidia ruptured an Achilles tendon during a training session and had to be taken to a local hospital in Beijing for surgery. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! In winter, 2000, while playing basketball I ruptured my right Achilles tendon when jumping to shoot. But Id be stunned if he did. Mon - Fri 6:00am - 5:00pm, 5:00pm - 6:00am (Emergencies) florida panther sightings map 2021; 1975 bicentennial commemorative medal A rupture can be either partial or complete. . Email today and a Haz representative will be in touch shortly. i dont know that id be keen on running until you can do them. This list is making me feel a lot better about my ATR & recovery. Had surgery in Oct of 93 and was quoted in the Miami Herald in Dec on 94 as having to have his achilles re-examined becuase his calf-muscle was not progressing as well as he had hoped. Treatment is usually surgery to reattach the torn edges of the ruptured tendon. Even though his injury occurred in September, Laettner was ready to play by the end of the regular season. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Patients have sought pain relief with a treatment -- embraced by a number of famous athletes -- that involves injecting platelet-rich plasma (PRP) directly into the tendon. Professional Athletes' Return to Play and Performance After Operative Authors Michael Isiah Sandlin 1 , Cyrus E Taghavi, Timothy P Charlton Affiliation 1Orthopaedic Surgery Foot and Ankle Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Its doable. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Surgeons should understand the risks and benefits of nonsurgical and surgical management of acute Achilles tendon rupture. And she apparently got surgery and a cast, straight old school. I dont have their names. I started just after 2 wks in, and went ~1x/wk. Leon hall CB for the Cincinnati Bengals ruptured his Achilles last November. I CAN FINALLY WALKHi, my name is Ameia and I am a women's track and field athlete at Michigan. New England Patriots lineman Vince Wilfork had a full rupture two days ago September 29, 2013. Recreational athletes are particularly more susceptible to the injury, with men being five times more likely than women to experience it. Power Query Get Value From Cell, or straight-kneed (gastroc?). Longest gap maybe 11 or maybe 15 years. Achilles Tears Often Spell Doom For Basketball Players. He believed there was some stitches still there so he did the conservative route this time. Nineteen (30.6%) professional athletes with an isolated Achilles tendon rupture treated surgically were unable to return to play. Thegroup had an average age of 29 years old, seven years of experience within their sport, and follow-up time of two years. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies I started in the boot, then continued in 2 shoes. I could do a bunch OK, but I was grunting and groaning. We performed preoperative evaluations the day of surgery, and report the results of postoperative evaluation at a final followup at an average of 72 months from the procedure. Here are some more- Greg Ellis, Dallas Cowboys and was the 2007 NFLs Comeback Player of the year. Damage to the Achilles tendon is a common concern. My own tiny-sample evidence is that I never tore an AT playing beach 4s or even beach 2s, which I played hard but I popped em both on the hard court, in shoes that squeaked with good traction! Based on my mechanical load analysis of the human leg below, ball jumping exerts 1.5 times less load on the Achilles tendon than jumping with the heel down. Maybe the question is stupid, but is there a way to check my good tendon? Nice submit. We are prepared to assist. Thanks for sharing your stories. If you are a reporter or member of the media looking for spokespeople or sources, please contact AOFAS at 800-235-4855 or +1-847-698-4654 (outside US) or aofasinfo@aofas.org. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. As for strength, Id say its about like the size differential. The Achilles tendon is a strong fibrous cord that connects the muscles in the back of your calf to your heel bone. Matthews tore his Achilles on March 5, 2015. i was probably overdoing it but i definitely think this helped and plan on doing it again. Recent studies have reported near-equivocal outcomes in patients who undergo either nonsurgical or surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture; however, similar functional outcomes may not be observed in elite athletes who are at the highest levels of athletic performance and undergo nonsurgical or surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. National Library of Medicine famous athletes with achilles tendon rupture. Careers. So, thats why you require you like any type of music Pandora is an on the internet Music supplier. An Achilles tendon rupture is a full or partial tear of the Achilles tendon. Greetings. National Library of Medicine 825 Words. Ateschrang A, Gratzer C, Ochs U, Ochs BG, Weise K. Sportverletz Sportschaden. About Foot and Ankle Orthopaedic Surgeons. Evaluation of surgical treatment for ruptured Achilles tendon in 31 athletes. When I try to do it lately outside of water, my calf cramps up before I can get a full raise/rise?. Geriatric Mentor Ohio Youve had a bunch of setbacks and some extended immobilization from them, but you should be way past any reasonable fear of re-rupturing your AT by walking, no matter how you do it. Ive started bicycling a LOT on it, and running some on it (delayed a BUNCH by my open-heart surgery last Dec. He has torn the ACL in both his right and left knees. I could only do 10lbs when I first started. So step down onto the nose of the step, half on, half off, and roll your foot over the edge. Give us a shout. But for Savi to try doing something close to a 1-leg heel raise while hes in single-digits weeks post-op would be asking way too much, IMHO. FOIA Maybe full tears/ruptures are more serious injuries than partial tears but impressive comebacks nonetheless. Achilles tendon rupture is up to five times more likely to occur in men than in women. 2, the Achilles tendon is designed to stretch . The renowned Oscar winning actressDame Judi ruptured her Achilles in 1981 while rehearsing for the role of Grizabellain the West End debut of the musical CATS. We have a lot in common, as you can see from my blog. I dont think anybody here is more into pushing his leg fast and no-pain-no-gain than Doug, based on his own very fast rehab, probably the fastest documented on this site. The same thing applies to rehab. Antwan Odom, Cincinnati Bengals defensive end 10/18/09. Savi, The modified mini-open technique for repairing total ruptured Achilles tendon using fiber wire with calcaneal fixation. The reason for the lack of clarity is due to the fact that his contract could be voided if his team believes he put himself at risk through a non football-related activity. Jun 11, 2019. Mark Lewis Francis, a 100m sprinter, won silver in the European Championships a few nights ago after recovering from a partial tear of the achilles. I, too, am trying to overcome the frustration of not being able to do a single leg heel raise. m and dorsiflexion range of motion higher than 9.0 were possible thresholds for developing an Achilles tendon overuse injury. Scales ARE scientific, Scott! Thomas was a 12 time All-Star point guard and 1990 NBA Finals MVP who is now in the NBA Hall of Fame. Everything else has been much easier and also much quicker, but at 8 months, Im still just getting my heel maybe 1-2 cm o. I too am curious about the average time most say. ROSEMONT, Ill. (July 13, 2021) According to the results of a recent study published in Foot & Ankle International (FAI), professional athletes who experienced Achilles tendon (AT) rupture were unable to return to sport participation 24% of the time. I could really relate to this quote I found in USA Today where Suggs speaks on appreciating what one cannot do with an ATR. The injury caused him to miss the 2010 World Cup. Hes a dynamic player for Aston Villa, though still young. Mark Lewis Francis, a 100m sprinter, won silver in the European Championships a few nights ago after recovering from a partial tear of the achilles. My calf is visibility quite smaller than my healthy one. i saw it in the live match. If I had an answer, Id share it with you. The man, the myth, the legend! One thing Cousins had going for him is that he is younger than most who suffer this injury, which may help his recovery. I had to work at doing something nearly impossible until it finally became possible. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. 1 Running, for example, can add up to 12.5 times a person's body weight to the tendon. Its not exactly good news, but its not the end of the world, either, and a bunch of us went back to our high-impact sports the SECOND time, too! Other NBA players who have suffered Achilles injuries since 2000 that aren't spotlighted here include: Darrell Arthur, Jonas Jerebko, Dan Dickau, Jeff Taylor, and Christian Laettner. It is a tough injury that slows patients down for a number of months, although a good (but not necessary full) recovery can be expected. Kelly Holmes partially ruptured her achilles and suffered a whole host of other injuries in the late nineties before coming back to win gold in both the 800m and 1500m at the 2004 Olympics. Tiffany City Hardwear Bracelet, Design Scoping review. After that I didnt rush to do more 1-leg heel raises! Here is our top ten list of the 10 most famous people who have ruptured their Achilles tendon: Isiah Thomas He was the leader of Detroit Pistons' "Bad Boys" team that won back-to-back NBA championships in 1989 and 1990. I will visit here often and recommend this site to my friends. [The patellar tendon graft] already connects two . Epub 2013 Mar 20. I also was playing basketball, although my injury was only in front of about 20 people at the YMCA, I think there was a few more watching him:). I think your experience AND mine proves that the last bit of calf-and-AT strength it takes to do a good 1-L HR is over-rated as a necessity for sports performance. Here are a few names of athletes over here in England who have suffered with achilles tendon ruptures: Sufferers of the condition include Scottish downhill skier Finlay Mickel, who sustained the damage during a training accident, Liverpool defender Fabio Aurelio, England rugby player Lewis Moody and Aston Villa football defender Curtis Davies. [Open augmented repair according to Silfverskjld for Achilles tendon rupture: an alternative for athletes?]. Two premiership footballers in England have done theirs in the last month or so-Jermaine Jenas and Steven Taylor. Athletes often report hearing a loud pop with the sensation of being kicked or hit. Wonderful beat ! I was wondering if there are people /athletes on here who returned to sports/soccer after recovery. You dont want to re-injure anything.Like Norm said, bicycling is good. Accessibility Ive done seated calf raises with success, but I havent built up enough strength to raise my 200lbs by extending my leg. Most recently, David Beckham, an internationally known footballer and icon ruptured his achilles tendon, also ending his ability to play in the 2010 FIFA World Cup for England. But walking, skiing, bicycling, stairs, etc., are all more-or-less perfect. So, in order to regain strength in your calf, you have to do things which are difficult now but become easier the more you do them. Of the 61% of gymnasts who were able to return to competition, 59% . like i remember when i could finally do single leg calf raises, i was doing 3 sets of 20 probably 9 or 10 times a day. Post author: Post published: June 2, 2022 Post category: brady ireland genealogy Post comments: yugioh discord emotes yugioh discord emotes Epub 2010 Aug 27. Surgeons also should understand the accelerated rehabilitation protocols; functional nonsurgical and postoperative rehabilitation protocols; as well as the standard open, percutaneous, and minimally invasive surgical techniques for the management of Achilles tendon rupture from the perspective of a sports medicine foot and ankle specialist. Achilles Tendon Injury Recovery Blog is proudly powered by WordPress and WPDesigner.. Keep healing. Athletes like Peyton Manning, Tiger Woods, Odell Beckham Jr., Victor Cruz,. We offer a free consultation at your location to help design your event. Safety Keanu Neal is believed to have suffered a torn Achilles, NFL Network Insider Ian Rapoport reported, per a source. Achilles tendon rupture 68% (21 of 31) Anecdotally, it seems . Try walking backwards. My Achilles is easily about 2 times thicker than my original. Achilles rupture. Although it's possible to have no signs or symptoms with an Achilles tendon rupture, most people have: The feeling of having been kicked in the calf. Data sources Published sources identified through a PubMed search of elite athletes, defined as professional or division one collegiate athletes in baseball, basketball, American football or soccer . Going downstairs is very painful. A sudden and severe pain may be felt at the back of the ankle or calf -- often described as "being hit by a rock or shot" or "like someone stepped onto . In short he is a dominating NFL player who combines elite athletic ability with imposing size & strength. After my first time around I would say while a little stiff, I became better than ever. Most came back and had a full recovery. These types of injuries typically occur in athletes and are usually sports or exercise-related. An inability to bend the foot downward or "push off" the injured leg when walking. ive stopped PT for now as i only have 10 sessions left. The former WWE wrestling star (known as The Rock) turned Hollywood leading man, and People Magazines Sexist Man alive (2016)ruptured his Achilles filmingThe Game Planin 2006. Fax: (714) 638 - 1478. Sports such as basketball, track, volleyball and track where the athletes jump may lead to more stress on the tendon. As Ive outlined on my own blog here and elsewhere, Ive been shocked at the disconnect at how good my performance feels in all my sports, despite a clearly measurable strength deficit when I isolate that one muscle with that simple test. To be honest, I think my gastroc is a tiny bit long, and my soleus is a tiny bit short. We performed a retrospective review of prospectively collected data study to evaluate the results of percutaneous repair of an acute AT rupture in elite athletes. In my case, I think that part of the disconnect is probably because my soleus is close to 100%, and its responsible for ankle dorsiflection when my knee is bent, which is a fair bit of the time when Im playing sports. By emphasizing collaboration and excellence, AOFAS inspires ever-increasing levels of professional performance leading to improved patient outcomes. Advances in surgical techniques and new . " of this year. He returned for his Sydney club side in May 2009. This review offers data to help set goals and expectations for athletes returning to play after AT rupture. By: Seems the achilles is weak but im not sure. I have yet to get to the 1 leg calf raise, and right now dont really try. An official website of the United States government. Before The Achilles tendon is at the back of the heel. Studies show Achilles tendon rupture affects return to play and performance . She is retirint now, though. eCollection 2023 Feb. Ann Med Surg (Lond). Internal Medicine Mentor Ohio Im semi-idly thinking of springing the $65 for a fancy isokinetic session to quantify my strength deficit, both with bent knee and straight knee. Do you have any cleaning to do? Rupture of the Achilles tendon (AT) is a devastating injury for athletes. Add another basketball related one to the list: Christian Laettner ruptured his Achilles tendon in a pickup game at Duke University and could face up to nine months of rehabilitation. This has been the toughest injury I have ever expirenced. One that helped me the most is the weight machine that you push with your foot against a flat bar. 2013 Sep;99(5):577-84. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2013.03.024. Heres a few athletes who have ruptured their achilles tendon (courtesy of Wikipedia): super slow-mo at ~7:40 Other players who have suffered the cruel fate of rupturing their Achilles tendons in the past have included Arsenal star Laurent Koscielny, former Gooner Santi Cazorla, Liverpool favourite John. Hes a big guy too. Ruptured his achilles during the filming of The Game Plan. It is important to diagnose and treat this injury as soon as possible, to help . Durant, playing his first . The Achilles tendon is a strong band of connective tissue that joins your calf muscle to your heel. I had an achilles tendon repair in Apr. Jallageas R, Bordes J, Daviet JC, Mabit C, Coste C. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2013 training camp tears the right Achilles. The Achilles tendon connects the muscles of the calf of the leg and the heel bone and is the strongest tendon in the body. In the spring, it will be softball and mountain biking. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=5239640, Alex Wong, from So you think you can dance Season 7 (i think). Plus, once you will be done together with the cleaning section, now commence with being a disinfectant. 3 Aerial sports with frequent jumps and landings, including gymnastics, cheerleading, dance, and extreme sports, are especially at risk for this injury. But the most successful by far was Dame Kelly Holmes, double Olympic Gold Medal runner at the 2004 Olympics. Kevin Durant's Achilles injury, sustained during Game 5 of the NBA Finals, will likely affect far more than just the Warriors' series against the Raptors. These specialists care for patients of all ages, performing reconstructive surgery for deformities and arthritis, treating sports injuries, and managing foot and ankle trauma. Achilles tendinopathy and tendon rupture - UpToDate But I cant do a single calf raise!!!! For those who did return, it took roughly 11 months after the . BTW, I found I got VERY different scale readings, depending on whether I did it bent-kneed (soleus?) Family Doctor Mentor Ohio. I do test it Norms way with the bathroom scale. Cukelj F, Bandalovic A, Knezevic J, Pavic A, Pivalica B, Bakota B. Having gone through this before, I can say it just takes time. It was probably a target to reach, but youve achieved a more than good enough fitness level, maybe better than pre-atr. Longo UG, Petrillo S, Maffulli N, Denaro V. Foot Ankle Clin. The Achilles transmits forces from the muscles to the foot, enabling the foot to push off against the ground when walking, running, or jumping. When youre first walking in shoes, you should be looking for ways NOT to load up your calf and AT. Seated heel raises. Injury. I have stopped therapy and been doing calf raises stretches but havent made it back to the gym since this Covid crap. Two of the 15 elite athletes on whom we have full data suffered from a superficial infection of the surgical wound. he had to pull out halfway through the show =(, Northwestern Univ quarterback Dan Persa just ruptured his while running to celebrate a touchdown pass that he had just thrown. When I first started rehab, I started in the pool at different depths. OK, too much slippery can get you scrambling frantically for balance, which can also lead to injury. Ive been doing several months of PT and exercises (including lots of stretches), and Im still recovering from my first volleyball session of the season (indoor beach, 2s, 3s, and 4s). In the 1998 off-season, Laettner ruptured his Achilles during a pickup game at Duke University. What is a ruptured Achilles? Chelsea's Hudson-Odoi faces long recovery Footballers David Beckham (you know who he is) John Barnes (ex-Liverpool winger) The science of jumping without heel down | by Ballet in Motion | Feb you can get a good look at on this video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrBsbD0Oqp4 The Academy award winning actor, social activist, worlds sexiest man (1997 & 2006) ruptured his Achilles tendon playing basketball in 2003. July 1, 2022; trane outdoor temp sensor resistance chart . 2021 Oct 28;22(1):908. doi: 10.1186/s12891-021-04809-1. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. . Congrats, Savi. The Achilles is the strongest tendon in the body. Its going to be a learning experience for me.. Surgical approach to torn Achilles rehabiltiation. famous athletes with achilles tendon rupture Out for the season. Epub 2015 Jun 8. Are you an MD now? (Youll also get downstairs twice as fast as the folks who always lead with the bad foot!). Posted on June 16, 2022 June 16, 2022 Takeo Spikes, Buffalo Bills Pro Bowl Plaeyer, Bryant Westbrook-Detroit Lions, CornerbackKevin Frandsen of Baseballs San Francisco Giants, with his injury occuring on 3-25-08. It connects the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles in the calf to an insertion point at the calcaneus (heel bone). The Achilles tendon is attached to muscles with greater mass and strength than all of the other muscles of the lower leg combined. The Achilles tendon joins your calf muscles to your heel bone. You have to go back and go in the sun. But now, Ive never appreciated it so much because Ive never had to sit and watch my brothers go to battle without me. You can read all about it at achillesblog.com/ryanb. helvetia 20 franc gold coin 1947 value; famous athletes with achilles tendon rupture. Epub 2015 Nov 10. As such basketball, tennis, and squash are common activities associated with Achilles tendon ruptures. Mind you, he was near the end of his carreer anyway (at a geezer-like 29! ATR on Sunday during the Lions win over the Cowboys. WNBA: Breanna Stewart Hoped She Broke Her Ankle When She Tore Achilles My whole body is still stiff THREE DAYS later(! volleyball. (Perhaps frequency is key too.) 2022 Feb 22;75:103395. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103395. Add Detroit Lions WR Ryan Broyles to the list. Even though his injury occurred in September, Laettner was ready to play by the end of the regular season. Injury occured on 4-7-13 playing indoor soccer. Re: Ryan Howard his description and how he did it rang eerily familiar to me when I blew my left tendon out on 4/21/11 (although I was playing volleyball, not busting out of the batters box). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. I had a heel spur and achilles surgury may 20th 2020 did the PT and my calf has come back close to normal but cant do a one legged calf raise either. Achilles Tendon Rupture Article I likewise think so , perfectly composed post! Hsu AR, Jones CP, Cohen BE, Davis WH, Ellington JK, Anderson RB. And Achilles tendons in general many surgeons do open surgeries, and open surgeries take a lot out of an athlete and lengthens the recovery time. I did it 8 years later. I think about 4 months I was doing them. It begins as an extension of the calf muscle and inserts into the heel bone (calcaneus). Schepsis, AA, et al. Kelly Holmes partially ruptured her achilles and suffered a whole host of other injuries in the late nineties before coming back to win gold in both the 800m and 1500m at the 2004 Olympics. . The pandemic led six orthopaedic researchers to review 15 studies on return-to-play outcomes related to time and rate, durability and player participation, and player performance following AT rupture in professional athletes of the National Football League (NFL), National Basketball Association (NBA), Major League Baseball (MLB), and professional soccer leagues. Has anybody gotten back the calf strength after struggling at this length of time post injury?? Background: He came back in the final game of the season for a single at-bat in the last half of the eighth inning. monopolies of the progressive era; dr fauci moderna vaccine; sta 102 uc davis; paul roberts occupation; pay raises at cracker barrel; dromaeosaurus habitat; the best surgeon in the world 2020; famous athletes with achilles tendon rupture. This time (no surgery, and also 65 y.o.) He has been on the field for workouts. The .gov means its official. Not to be outdone by his pal George Clooney leading actor and sexiest man alive (1995 & 2000)ruptured his left Achilles tendon ironically playing the part of Achilles himself in the movie Troy (2004). For more on Achilles tendon ruptures check outFooteducation.com. Anti-spam word: (Required)* I have more discomfort from the cast. Running and jumping can trigger Achilles tendon injuries. Sports and high-impact activity is the most . Orthop J Sports Med. I ruptured my AT running to first base playing softball. 8600 Rockville Pike The site is secure. Dame Kelly retired because of her injury in 2007. Savi, on the other hand, is maybe 6-9 weeks post-op (Install that widget please, Savi!! Im at 8 months post op and can probably do 1 very week single calf raise. Pain is useful - our brains create it to protect us from danger and to help us heal from injuries such as Achilles tendonitis. As far as motivation, if you read my most recent post, mine current motivation is skiing. Then it. I can do 10-15 calf raises with my bad one but I can never get past that. Conditions include bursitis, tendinitis, tendinosis and tendon rupture. The famous British soccer star, fashion icon, Sexist Man alive (2015) and husband of Posh Spiceruptured his left Achilles playing soccerfor AC Milan on March 14th 2010. 2023 Feb 10;11(2):23259671221145199. doi: 10.1177/23259671221145199. It is a common injury that often happens to people who do activities that require a lot of running or jumping, like sports or exercise. Byrne PA, Hopper GP, Wilson WT, Mackay GM. After rehabbing for a couple of years, then being signed but quickly released from the Raiders, he never reached his earlier potential and did not return to play in the NFL. Kristin Johns Mattress, Monday - Saturday 8:00 am - 5:00 pm Happy healing. Bookshelf http://sports.yahoo.com/mlb/recap;_ylt=Ave3PygNnljwPM37D3U1IqMU0bYF?gid=290302104&prov=ap. Heel pain. As the premier global organization for foot and ankle care, AOFAS delivers exceptional events and resources for continuous education, funds and promotes innovative research, and broadens patient understanding of foot and ankle conditions and treatments. Forlenza EM, Lavoie-Gagne OZ, Lu Y, Diaz CC, Chahla J, Forsythe B. Orthop J Sports Med. if your gym has a pool, ive found that doing heel raises in the pool and different depths has helped a lot. It stretches from the . Recent athletes who have suffered Achilles injuries include Wesley Matthews of the Portland Trail Blazers, Robert Mathis of the Indianapolis Colts, Mike Fisher of the Nashville Predators and Mark. Dan Mario torn his achilles during a game in Cleveland in 1993. The previous comment regarding the pool is a great idea and one that I forgot about. 62 met inclusion criteria including 25 NBA, 32 NFL, and 5 MLB players. ), and I may soon try competitive volleyball again. Jigless knotless internal brace versus other open Achilles tendon repairs using a progressive rehabilitation protocol: a biomechanical study. . As a result of the injury the part was given to Elaine Paige of EVITA fame.
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